Population savings as a source of investment resources

The article investigates the economic essence of savings and substantiates the necessity of using population savings in investing in the real sector of the country's economy. As the main source of investment activity, population savings, as a component of the institutional structure of social production, occupies an important place in the investment development of the country's economy. The level of investment activity implementation determines successful economic growth In the country. Therefore, there is a need to study the economic essence of savings and search for possible ways to attract them to the real sector of the country's economy. A detailed analysis of the formation of the theory of savings in the world scientific space has been carried out. The contribution to the development of the savings theory by such scientists as A. Smith, T. Malthus, J. Mill, D. Robertson, A. Marshall, J.M. Keynes, R. Harrod, S. Kuznets, and M. Friedman is determined. The essence of the two main savings models, classical and Keynesian, is considered. It is proven that according to the classical model, the volume of savings depends on the price of money on financial markets, i.e., on the interest rate. The Keynesian model substantiates that the amount of savings of the population depends on the size of household income. The experience of a survey of households in Germany, Italy and Slovakia to determine the mechanism for the formation of savings of the population, the results of which established a high direct influence of uncertainty factors of any nature (economic, safe, etc.) on the growth of household savings as a certain instrument of population insurance, is highlighted. It is revealed that population savings are the sum of funds that are not used for current consumption but are directed towards satisfying future needs and can be reflected in three conditional areas: savings in the economy, savings for future needs, and savings in the form of asset accumulation. It is established that the more interest the population has in saving funds, the more investment resources can be invested in the real sector of the economy. The expediency of further differentiated development of the country's financial market is proved, which will make it possible to turn the savings of the population into investments and direct these resources to the restoration of the country's economy