Risk, security, and insurance in tourism

The purpose of the article is a theoretical study of modern insurance tools to ensure security in tourism. Tourism develops under the influence of various factors, which include access to information technologies, the level of competition, availability and safety of air transportation, development of tourist services, military, political, pandemic and social components of functioning of a country, as well as ensuring security. To perform the research, general scientific and special methods of system-structural analysis, synthesis and grouping were used to classify types of tourism security, measures aimed at ensuring safety and security in the world tourism, threats to the tourism security. Based on the results of the literature review, the main stages were identified, which appear to have the greatest impact on tourism security. The study presents the author's approach to the classification of threats by the possibility of their anticipating, by the sources of their emergence, by their relevance, manifestations, by the objects of threats, by activity processes, reputational threats, and external pressure threats. It has been proved that security as an economic category should be considered in conjunction with risk, whose main features are the probability of achieving the predicted and desired result; availability of alternatives and the possibility of deviations from the intended goal for the chosen alternative; the possibility of material, moral and other losses in the face of uncertainty in the implementation of the chosen alternative; lack of confidence in achieving the set goal for the chosen alternative. It has been proposed to ensure security in tourism by preventing threats of negative actions concerning the subject of the tourist business and achieving the main goals of its operation. It has been proven that insurance is the main tool capable of minimizing risks and ensuring security; the main purpose of insurance is to reduce losses, as individuals and legal entities (insurers) replace the uncertain prospect of large losses with the certainty of making small regular payments. The prospect of further research is to reveal the trends in the development of the insurance market, which would ensure the effective performance of insurers in the tourism industry